DBMS and Data Structures Interview Questions | Commonly Asked Technical Interview Questions 2021
In this post, I will discuss the most important DBMS & Data Structure Interview Questions in order to make you familiar with the type of questions that can be asked during a job interview related to the DBMS & Data Structure.
The below-mentioned DBMS & Data Structure interview questions will assist you in clearing your basic concepts. If you find this post helpful then please make sure that you share this post with your friends.
DBMS Interview Questions And Answers:
Q. What is DBMS?
Ans: A Database Management System (DBMS) is a program that controls creation, maintenance and use of a database. DBMS can be termed as File Manager that manages data in a database rather than saving it in file systems.
Q. What is RDBMS?
Ans: RDBMS stands for Relational Database Management System. RDBMS store the data into the collection of tables, which is related by common fields between the columns of the table. It also provides relational operators to manipulate the data stored into the tables.
Q. What is SQL?
Ans: SQL stands for Structured Query Language, and it is used to communicate with the Database. This is a standard language used to perform tasks such as retrieval, updation, insertion and deletion of data from a database.
Q. What is a Database?
Ans: Database is nothing but an organized form of data for easy access, storing, retrieval and managing of data. This is also known as structured form of data which can be accessed in many ways.
Q. What is a primary key?
Ans: A primary key is a combination of fields which uniquely specify a row. This is a special kind of unique key, and it has implicit NOT NULL constraint. It means, Primary key values cannot be NULL.
Q. What is a unique key?
Ans: A Unique key constraint uniquely identified each record in the database. This provides uniqueness for the column or set of columns.
Q. What is a foreign key?
Ans: A foreign key is one table which can be related to the primary key of another table. Relationship needs to be created between two tables by referencing foreign key with the primary key of another table.
Q. What is a join?
Ans: This is a keyword used to query data from more tables based on the relationship between the fields of the tables. Keys play a major role when JOINs are used.
Q. What are ACID properties?
Ans: A => Atomicity: the entire transaction happens in one go
C => Consistency: database must be consistent before and after the transaction
I => Isolation: transactions do not interfere with each other; multiple transactions can happen simultaneously
D => Durability: A successful transaction is reflected even if a system failure happens.
Q. What are the different types of relationships in the DBMS
Ans: One-to-One: Each table record is related to only one record in another table.
One-to-many or vice-versa (many-to-one): A record in one table can be related to more than one record in another table.
Many-to-Many: A record in the first table can be related to more than one records in the second table, and vice-versa.
Q. What is an RDBMS?
Ans: A relational database is organized into tables, records, and column and there is a well-defined relationship between database tables. A relational database management system (RDBMS) is an application that allows you to create, update, and administer a relational database.
Q. What are the advantages of DBMS?
Ans: Redundancy control
Restriction for unauthorized access
Provides multiple user interfaces
Provides backup and recovery
Enforces integrity constraints
Ensure data consistency
Easy accessibility
Easy data extraction and data processing due to the use of queries
Q. What is the E-R model?
Ans: E-R model is a short name for the Entity-Relationship model. This model is based on the real world. It contains necessary objects (known as entities) and the relationship among these objects.
Q. What is an entity?
Ans: The Entity is a set of attributes in a database. An entity can be a real-world object which physically exists in this world.
Q. What is an attribute?
Ans: An attribute refers to a database component. It is used to describe the property of an entity. An attribute can be defined as the characteristics of the entity.
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Data structures Interview Questions And Answers:
Q. What is data structure?
Ans: A data structure is a way of organizing data that considers not only the items stored, but also their relationship to each other.
Q. What are binary trees?
Ans: A binary tree is one type of data structure that has two nodes, a left node, and a right node. In programming, binary trees are an extension of the linked list structures.
Q. What is a queue?
Ans: A queue is a data structure that can simulate a list or stream of data. In this structure, new elements are inserted at one end, and existing elements are removed from the other end.
Q. What is a stack?
Ans: A stack is a data structure in which only the top element can be accessed. As data is stored in the stack, each data is pushed downward, leaving the most recently added data on top.
Q. What is the difference between a PUSH and a POP?
Ans: Pushing and popping applies to the way data is stored and retrieved in a stack. A push denotes data being added to it, meaning data is being “pushed” into the stack. On the other hand, a pop denotes data retrieval, and in particular, refers to the topmost data being accessed.
Q. What is an array?
Ans: Arrays are defined as the collection of similar types of data items stored at contiguous memory locations. It is the simplest data structure in which each data element can be randomly accessed by using its index number.
Q. What is a linear search?
Ans: A linear search refers to the way a target key is being searched in a sequential data structure. In this method, each element in the list is checked and compared against the target.
Q. What is Data abstraction?
Ans: Data abstraction is a powerful tool for breaking down complex data problems into manageable chunks.
Q. What is a Linked List Data structure
Ans: In a Linked List data, elements are stored linearly, but the physical placements do not give the order in the memory; instead, each element points to the next node. The last one points to a terminator indicating the end of the list.
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